Bush 5 Forgetting the Filipino-American War 9 The Filipino-Japanese War 11 Liberation, Independence, History Wars 12 The Moro Wars 14 CHAPTER 2. A Shared History of Wars The Philippine Wars of George W. PART I: THE FILIPINO-AMERICAN WAR CHAPTER 1. Filipino revolutionaries held much more diverse views reflecting their vastly different backgrounds, including European-educated ilustrados syncretic and animist practitioners throughout the islands breakaway sects like the Iglesia Filipina Independiente and Muslim-majority polities in Mindanao and Sulu.
Operating on the basis that even the islands’ Catholic majority was insufficiently Christian, some Americans like McKinley and Taft portrayed the occupation as both a mission of “uplift” and a stepping stone to greater Protestant presence in mainland China.
This paper illustrates the importance of religious arguments as justifications for actions taken by various parties during the Philippine-American War, highlighting especially how Spanish and American attitudes differed in religious preference but shared the same basis in pre-Enlightenment views on civilization. The American occupation of the Philippines began in war against Spain but quickly became one of the United States’ most overt and then most forgotten experiments in colonial rule outside the Western Hemisphere.
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